Filter



May 1, 1945. J. A. PICKARD FILTER Filed Oct. 16, 1943 2 Shegts-Sheet 1 y 1945- J. A. PICKARD 2,374,953

FILTER Filed octfle, 194s 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 relatively thin cells (is engaged with Patented May 1 1945 2,374,953 I i i FILTER Joseph Allen Rickard, Acton, London,

England, as

' signor -to The Metafiltration Company Limited, lMiddlesex; England, a company tofu Great Britain and'Northern Ireland v Application ojctc er 16,1943, Serial No. 506,497 1 In Great Britain October 30, 1942 7 Claims. (01. 210%181) This invention relates to filters or the .kindin whichaplurality ofiilter elementsin the form of a d a a element extending through apertures provided in the opposite cell walls o a textilefabric. p v i v 1 v a In certain ,filters of this kind no internal sup porting means is provided within the cells and the space between the cell walls for permitting passage of liquid is secured by theinherent roughness of the material of which jthe walls are formed, or by inequalities produced in the surface of the walls by suitable treatmentlof the materialof which they are constituted.

In certain casesit has been found desirable V to provide a "supporting "means, for instance, where the filters are employed in filtering oil whichmay contain a proportion of water. The water causes the paper or fabric" to softenor to expand -with the result that the cells become the walls of adjacent cells come into contact one with the other and filtering surfaces of some of them may be thus may in whole or in part ,c'overed over and blanked oii rendering them useless for the purpose for which they are intended. l v r i i The invention is -based upon the observation that the efficiency of such a filter is improved if within the cell, as supporting means, there is pro: vided a thin relatively rigid plate extending over a substantial distance towards its outer periphery of such a filter is in some casesincreased by 160%."

The invention comprises .a filter of the kind specified, in'which the individual filter' elements'" in the form of relatively thin cells are engaged with a drainage lelementextendingthrough aper- Iormed of filt pap ment and the central perforation surround a washer so that the cell includes two washers embracing the drainage element of which one or both may be channelled to provide for the passage of the liquid .to the drainage element. Neither .of the two washers is continuous with the float- 'lfhe plates may be formed of metalsheet or plate of the thichnessof tin plate or of card- C for instance to be located eating system of an internal combustionenginer board or or" any material which'remains stiff whendamp. v

The washers-used in such cells "are preferably channelledor otherwise provided with surface inequalities on the face in contact with the plate,

to leave "passages permitting the flow of the liquid to the drainage element.

The in-ventionis illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a view in sectional elevation of a filter adapted in the pressure lubri- Fig; 2 =is a plan view of one of the washers between the filter elements. Fig. 3 is a section to tures provided in the opposite walls of the cells,

having as supporting means within each of the cells, a thin plate .of relatively rigidmaterial :extending for a substantial distance towards :its peripheral edge. 1 i v I g a The recise distance which the relatively rigid material lextendsatowards the peripheral edge 10f the cell may be varied, but generallypit will be found that if it extends from -75% Of the radial distance between the centre-of the cell and its peripheral edge, adequate ,Itihas en f ndrentir ly unne sa y to ema ploy perforated plates for the purpose, and it has been found unnecessary to provide reticulasupport is secured;

v the pipe 9 is su h tions corrugations, or other form of roughening on the plates.-

, The" pp rting ineans may extend from the centraljaperture ill-213 .9 wallsof thehcell as it may be fashioned with ;a central perforation considerably reater than the diameter of the drainage element, and its outer periphery may lie well within the crimped outer edge of the filter eleenlarged scale of one of the filter elements showing a washer as in Fig. 2 located between the .il'lterelements of :the cell and the spacing wash- 1 ers between adjacent cells.

The washer is as sumed :to be "in section on the line A r-A of Fig.2. Fig. 4 is .a plain view ofonecell. Fig. 5 is vertical section of a modified form of filter element incorporating two internal least one of which having recesses to permit the flow ;of the liquid to i the vdrainage element.

Referring .to Figs. 1 to :3, the filter -is shownas includinga chamber comprising sidewalls 'l and a'base 2 :furnishedwith :an internally threaded tubuluirefi in which is ing atom-connect with the :tubulure "the terminal portion siofoneiof the pipes from thepressurej'lubricating system and constituting the oil inlet to rllhe lfilter and witha member 6 which is also mallyscrewethreaded andengaged-by a screw 1 functioning tosecure in position a second terminal portion :8 :connected with the oil circulating system andforming the outlet for the filtered v oil d/ 11 e uine -9 furnished: with La secured in the member 6 and plurality of holes l-vfl. About a this pipe there is located :a plurality of filter element genera y indicated by :thereference H in Fi u betw enwhich are positioned washers l2. frheynuznber that by screwing down-za membQpJ 3 i h engages screw-threaded portion 14 nfv cthe pip 9 against a washer t5, the several elements will beisecui'cd -firrnly in position. i The member (I 3 is provided with an externally screwhre dedaex ensicn v15 a apt d to be enc sed y anut ,jtlwhi h senves to secure a cover plate I8 in position against a washer l9 provided on the upper edge of the wall I of the chamber.

spacing washers, at

engaged the nipple I serv of filterclements engagedabout Each filter element I l consists of two annular pieces of soft filter paper or fabric 29 and 20a, Fig. 3, secured together adjacent their outer peripheral edge 2| as by crimping the paper material or by any other suitable means.

As shown and in accordance with the invention there is provided within the cells a thin relatively rigid annular plate 22 extending over a substantial distance towards the outer periphery of the cell and acting as a supporting means for the cell. In association with the plate is provided a washer 23 adapted to encircle or closely embrace the drainage element 9. The washer 23, illustrated separately in Fig. 2, is in the form of a ring provided on one converging towards the inner diameter and presenting a superficial area substantiallyless than the superficial area of the'elevated portions 25 on the face of the washer located on the sides of these channels. The plate may be formed of metal sheet or plate of the thickness of tin plate or of any material which remains stiff when damp. In theform shown in Figs. 1 and 3 this thin relatively rigid plate 22 is of substantially the same internal diameter as that of the washer 23 the elevated portions 25 of which bear on the plate around its central aperture.

In the modification illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 theinner peripheral edge of the thin plate or annulus 22 is spaced from the drainage tube 9 and constitutes a floating annulus extending as in the above case a substantial distance towards the outer periphery of the cell but not to the crimped outer edge 2| of the cell, while a pair of washers 23 is interposed in the cell between the inner edge of the stifiening plate and the drainage element. As shown the external diameter of the washers is slightly less than the internal diameter of the plate. One or both of the facing surfaces of the two washers 23 is formed with channels for example of the form shown in Fig. 2 or provided with surface inequalities to leave passages permitting the free flow of liquid between the washers to the drainage element.

I claim:

1. ha filtering apparatus comprising a chamber having an inlet for the supply to the chamber of liquid-to be filtered, a drainage element disposed axially in the chamber, an outlet for filtered liquid in communication with the drainage element and a plurality of individual filter elements in the form of relatively thin cells of filter paper closely embracing the drainage element, a supporting means within the cells, said supporting means comprising a thin smooth annular imperforate plate of rigid material extending a substantial distance towards the peripheral edge of the cells and forming an imperforate partition within the cells.

2. In a filtering apparatus comprising a chamber having an inlet for the supply to the chamber of liquid to be filtered, a drainage element disposed axially in the chamber, an outlet for filtered liquid in communication with the drainage element and a plurality of individual filter elements in the form of relatively thin cells of filter-paper closely embracing the drainage element, a supporting means within the cells, said supporting means comprising a thin annular plate of rigid material presenting an imperforate smooth surface and extending a substantial distance towards the peripheral edge of the cells,

face with channels 24 and an annulus interposed-in the cells and closely embracing the drainage element, said annulus abutting against the face of the supporting means and presenting in conjunction with the supporting means passages leading to the drainage element.

3. In a filtering apparatus comprising a chamber having an inlet for the supply to the chamber of liquid to be filtered, a drainage element disposed axially in the chamber, an outlet for filtered liquid in communication with the drainage element and a plurality of individual filter elements in the form of relatively thin cells closely embracing the drainage element, a thin smooth annular imperforate plate of rigid material disposed within each cell and extending a substantial distance towards the peripheral edge of the cell, and a pair of washers interposed in each cell and embracing the drainage element and presenting between them passages leading to the drainage element, the plate having an internal diameter greater than that of the washers and the outer diameter considerably less than the filter elements and forming with the washer a discontinuous support for the cell.

4. A filter element for a filter of the kind specified comprising a relatively thin cell of soft filtering material closely embracing a drainage element and having a supporting means within the cell said supporting means comprising a thin rigid annular smooth imperforate plate constituting also a partition within the cells and extending over a substantial distance towards its outer periphery in conjunction with a single washer adapted to encircle the drainage element.

5. In a filtering apparatus of the kind specified a filter element comprising a drainage element and a relatively thin cell of soft filtering material with a freely floating ring of thin smooth imperforate rigid material interposed in the cell and extending a substantial distance towards its outer periphery and a pair of washers disposed centrally within the cell of a diameter less than the internal diameter of the plate and having an internal diameter adapted to closely embrace the drainage element, at least one of the washers being formed with passages for the passage of liquid from the cell.

6. A filter element for a filter of the kind specifled comprising a drainage element and a relatively thin cell of soft filtering material closely embracing withthe drainage element and having a supporting means within the cell consisting of a thin relatively rigid smooth imperforate plate constituting also a partition and extending over a substantial distance towards its outer periphery in conjunction with a single washer adapted to closely embrace the drainage element, the supporting means consisting of sheet metal of tinplate thickness.

7. A filter element for a filter of the kind specified comprising a relatively thin cell of softfiltering material closely embracing with a drainage element and having a supporting means within the'cell consisting of a thin stifi smooth imperforate plate constituting also a partition and extending over a substantial distance towards its outer periphery in conjunction with a single washer adapted to closely embrace the drainage element, the supporting means consisting of material which remains stiff when damp.

JOSEPH ALLEN P'ICKARD.

. 7 CERTIFICATE 'oF CORREGTIEONQ Patent No. 2, 74,955. May'1,-19h

Kl vIt is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows Page 2, first column, line 55, after "washers 25" insert -one of which has a plane surface; and that the said Letters ,Patent should be read withv this correction therein that the same may conform v to the record of the case in the Patent Office;

Signed and sealed this 51st day of July, A. D. 1914.5.

' Leslie Frazer JOSEPH ALIENXPICKA'RD.

(Seal) Acting Cornmissioner of Patents 

